The reduced prevalence of cigarette smoking and physical inactivity in a young, healthy population by the primary prevention guideline of coronary artery disease

Coronary artery disease (CAD) is strongly associated with lifestyle, particularly smoking habit (SH) and physical inactivity (PI). Aim of this interventional study was to evaluate the efficacy of the primary prevention guidelines on the risk reduction of CAD, in terms of the smoking habit and sedentary lifestyle. Methods: A quasi-experimental research was conducted to evaluate the role of lifestyle modification in 322 initially healthy individuals aged over 20 years, who were referred to the preventive clinics in Tehran. The outcome of smoking cessation intervention was to quit smoking entirely. According to the AHA 2013 guideline, moderate physical activity in five days a week for 30 min or a vigorous physical exercise in three days a week for 25 min was examined. Results: Sixty-four (19.9%) individuals with SH, and 214 (66.5%) subjects with PI were assigned to the intervention group. After a 10 month-follow up, the frequency of SH and PI was decreased to 11.8 and 48.0%, respectively (p < 0.001). Conclusion: As lifestyle interventions had a highly significant effect on the SH and PI, it is recommended to implement this intervention program at a national level to overcome the CAD epidemic

Keywords:

Coronary artery disease , Clinical trial , Intervention outcome , Risk reduction , Primary prevention