Study of the simultaneous coating of electrospun nanofibers with bioactive molecules for stem cell osteogenesis in vitro

The loss of skeletal tissue that can accompany trauma, injury, the disease can result in significant morbidity and significant socio-economic cost and emphasize the need for new, more reliable skeletal regeneration strategies. To address the unmet need for bone augmentation, tissue engineering that includes stem cell, scaffold, and growth factor has come to the fore in recent years with new approaches for de novo skeletal tissue formation. in order to analyze the impact of bioactive factors onOsteogenic differentiation and growth of Mesenchymal stem cells three type of scaffolds were made including poly_L_ lactide acid scaffold coated with collagen, poly_L_ lactide acid scaffold coated with particles of Hydroxyapatite and poly_L_ lactide acid scaffold coated with both collagen and nanoparticles of hydroxyapatite. After fabrication, morphology and porosity of scaffolds checked using scanning electron microscope (SEM). Then Mesenchymal stem cells derived from adipose tissue were seeded on scaffolds and the levels of attachment and growth measured using MTT assay on days 3,5,7 after cell seeding and last level of differentiation measured using osteogenic indicators like alkalinephosphate enzyme activity (ALP), amount of calcium sediments and expression of RUNX2 gene (RUNX2 protein acts as a master switch, regulating a number of other genes involved in the development of cells that build bones). The overall results showed the positive impact of electrospun poly_L_ lactide acid scaffold that coated simultaneously with collagen and hydroxyapatite on attachment, growth, anddifferentiation of Mesenchymal stem cells toward osteogenic tissue comparedto other groups.

Keywords:

Osteogenic differentiation , Mesenchymal stem cell , PLLA scaffold , RUNX2 gene