Appropriate Interventions for Pregnant Women with Metabolic Risk factors and Pregnancy Outcomes: A Systematic Review

Context: In recent decades, metabolic syndrome was considered as a health problem in developed and developing countries, which is a series of metabolic disorders, including abdominal obesity, impaired glucose and insulin metabolism, hypertension and dyslipidemia. Pregnant women with metabolic risk factors are at risk for potential pregnancy outcomes. This study aimed to investigate the effect of appropriate interventions on reducing the risks creating syndrome to improve the outcome of pregnancy.Evidence Acquisition: This systematic review was performed to extract RCTs (published until August 2017) regarding any dietary, physical activity or lifestyle interventions for pregnant women suffering from the risk factors of metabolic syndrome, such as obesity, hyperlipidemia, hyperglycemia, and hypertension with potential risk for pregnancy and the health situation of mothers, by evaluating and searching in the Ovid, PubMed, Google Scholar, SID, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, CINAHL, Magiran and Iran medex databases. Two researchers have independently evaluated the quality of the methods and results presented in all the articles, and the studies were ranked as high / low quality; the level of evidence was based on the number of high quality studies and the coordination of the obtained results.Results: 17 randomized clinical trials (on 5475 pregnant women) were evaluated; among which7 articles were studied the physical activity (1499), 3 articles were reviewed diets (3089), 6articles were studied the lifestyle interventions (1125), and 1 article on counseling (122). In general, evidence suggested the benefits of physical activity and proper diet, and their impact on proper weight gain during pregnancy, preventing maternal complications, and improving the outcome of pregnancy.Conclusion: According to the results of this systematic review, proper interventions during pregnancy can have a positive effect on maternal weight gain and the health of pregnant women with risk factors for metabolic syndrome

Keywords:

metabolic syndrome , pregnancy outcomes , pregnant women , interventions.