Phylogenetic analysis of Anchusa (Boraginaceae-Boraginoideae) Based on ITS Sequences from Iran

A molecular phylogenetic analysis of Anchusa was accomplished to compare former assumptions based on non-molecular evidence about the location of species within Anchusa genus. Phylogenetic relationships in this genus is required to be elucidated in order to recognize its taxonomic frontiers with regard to the dialectic detach genera Hormuzakia, Gastrocotyle, Phyllocara, Anchusella and Cynoglottis. DNA sequences from the nuclear ITS region were exerted from 22 samples of the Anchusa. The ITS sequences of six species from Lithospermum L. were used as out-groups. Sequences were aligned using Bioedit Ver. 7.0.9. The aligned data matrix was reconstructed by maximum parsimony (MP) and neighbor joining (NJ) employing MEGA Ver.7.0.26. We suggest a new classification into four sub-genus based on the phylogenetic data in our study. Also, Anchusa was supported as non-monophyletic group.

Keywords:

Anchusa , ITS sequence , phylogeny , non-monophyly , taxonomy