Historical evolution of atrium buildings as sustainable development elements

The increasing growth of population and subsequently increasing consumption of fossil fuels are caused problems for humans and Earth. Regarded to energy issues in the building sector and also concept of sustainable development after energy crisis, using passive structures to reduce energy consumption in this sector is very important. Atrium is an example of the passive structures that is used in buildings. Atrium is considered as large glazing space that is used in different modern buildings, especially in non-residential buildings such as office, commercial, hotels, libraries, and etc. Since using of the space has been increased due to its economic, social, cultural and aesthetic advantages, so that atrium has been an important feature in buildings. The need of evaluating of the space has been felt, due to increasing in using of it in buildings. What is the origin of the atrium concept and also how has been its developing process up to now? The question is the main topic of the present study. This research is conducted base on valid library studies that is discussed historical development of atria in the different periods. Research findings seem very suitable to understand reasons of several using of the space and its popularity among designers and architects in some periods and the stop of using it in the other periods and also its extensive using.

Keywords:

atrium building , natural ventilation , energy consumption , ventilation strategy