Effects of calcium and vitamin D co-supplementation on markers of inflammation and oxidative stress in overweight and vitamin D-deficient women with polycystic ovary syndrome

Background and Aim : This study was conducted to determine the effects of calcium plus vitamin Dsupplementation on inflammatory factors and biomarkers of oxidative stress among overweight vitamin Ddeficientwomen with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).Methods : Methods: This randomized double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial was performed among104 overweight vitamin D-deficient women diagnosed with PCOS aged 18-40 years old. Participants wererandomly divided into four groups. Group A received 1000 mg calcium daily and vitamin D placebo weekly(n=26), group B 50000 IU vitamin D weekly and calcium placebo daily (n=26), group C 1000 mg calciumdaily plus 50000 IU vitamin D weekly (n=26) and group D calcium placebo daily plus vitamin D placeboweekly (n=26) for 8 weeks. Fasting blood samples were taken at baseline and 8 weeks after intervention tomeasure inflammatory factors and biomarkers of oxidative stress.Results : Results: After 8 weeks, individuals taking calcium plus vitamin D supplements had greaterdecreases in homeostatic model assessment-Beta cell function (HOMA-B) score (-11.1 vs. -8.6, -3.4 and13.7, respectively, P=0.03), serum high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) (-948.3 vs. 802.3, -383.8and 618.2 ng/mL, respectively, P=0.04), plasma malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations (-0.6 vs. -0.5, -0.1 and 0.6 μmol/L, respectively, P=0.009) and significant increases in plasma total antioxidant capacity(TAC) (35.2 vs. 21.1, 22.5 and -153.8 mmol/L, respectively, P=0.006) and glutathione (GSH) levels (216.0vs. 3.9, -47.5 and -160.8 μmol/L, respectively, P=0.001) compared with calcium alone, vitamin D aloneand placebo groups. Calcium plus vitamin D co-supplementation did not influence plasma NO and catalaselevels. Conclusion : Conclusion: We found that calcium plus vitamin D co-supplementation for 8 weeks amongoverweight and vitamin D-deficient women with PCOS had beneficial effects on inflammatory factor andbiomarkers of oxidative stress.

Keywords:

Calcium , vitamin D , supplementation , polycystic ovary syndrome , inflammatory factor , oxidative stress