Positive and Negative Washback Effects of University Entrance Exam on Teachers and Students in Iran

Educators complain that stressful exams such as entrance exam employ direct and strong backwash effects on the teaching and learning activities. They argue that educators tend to change their classroom activities toward tests, especially when the test is a forceful one as well as entrance exam in our country. In other words, nearly all teachers have a tendency to their teaching methodology to prepare their students for these tests and ignore the activities that want to work in class additionally. Many researchers have tried to prove this point by examining the effects of these forceful tests on the teaching methodology and learning.

Keywords:

Entrance exam , Washback effect , Positive effect , Negative effect , Curriculum , Teacher , student