Constructive component of nano machines

With the advent in the 1970s and 1980s of supramolecular chemistry a discipline which exploits fundamental concepts such as self-assembly, self-organization, and self-replication, that are central to nature s forms and functions sit is now in the 1990s becoming feasible to construct large and intricate, yet highly ordered, functioning molecular and supramolecular entities by recognizing the importance of mechanical as well as noncovalent and, of course, covalent bonds [2].Our purpose is preparation of a part of nano machines that would constitue any passive or active structure capable of actuation, sensing, signaling, information processing, intelligence, swarm behavior at the nano scale[1]. A nano machine is essentially a controllable machine at the nanometer or molecular scale that is composed of nanoscale components. Important features of these systems derive from noncovalent interactions between components that contain complementary recognition sites. Such interactions involveelectron-donor/acceptorcability, hydrogen bonding, hydrophobic/hydrophylic character, - stacking, coulombic forces and,on the side of the strong interaction limit, metal-ligand bonding. Designed artificial nano machines and motors are based on interlocked macrocycles named rotaxanes and catenanes, which can made of macrocycles such as azacrown ethers. Rotaxanes are minimally composed of an axel-like molecule surrounded by a macrocyclic compound and terminated by bulky groups that prevent disassembly.Catenanes can be defined as interlocked molecular compoundsin which two or more rings are joined together by a mechanical bond