Introduction of Oilseed rape as plant genetic engineering model

Publish Year: 1393
نوع سند: مقاله کنفرانسی
زبان: English
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ICSDA01_0143

تاریخ نمایه سازی: 16 خرداد 1394

Abstract:

The Brassicaceae is a large plant family and it is special interest as it include many crop plants (Brassica napus, Armoracia Rusticana), ornamentals (Aubrieta, Iberis, Lunaria, Arabis, Draba) as well as model organisms in the plant sciences. Among these plants, oilseed rape (Brassica napus) is the most important oil plant in temperate regions of the world and ranks second amongst oilseed crops produced worldwide. The use of oilseed rape oils as industrial lubricants has considerable environmental benefits, because they are inherently biodegradable, low ecotoxicity, toxicity toward humans, derived from renewable resources and furthermore, rapeseed oil has a high viscosity index, and the oil structure endures mechanical stresses well. By the use of molecular techniques it is now possible to produce transgenic plants containing a variety of different genes. Oilseed rape is particularly amenable to Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation, and during the last two decades, considerable progress has been achieved in the development of transgenic varieties. Soybean, cotton, corn, and canola are the four principal crops in which transgenic technology is utilized. After herbicide tolerant soybean and insect-tolerant Bt-corn and Bt-cotton, the fourth most dominant GM crop worldwide is herbicide-tolerant canola. The first generation of transgenic canola varieties showed a strong emphasis on herbicide tolerance and hybrid breeding systems; however, efforts are increasing in the areas of genetically modified fatty acid biosynthesis and, to a certain extent, in the introgression of transgenic pest and disease resistance. Genetic engineering of plant lipid biosynthesis in rapeseed has already led to commercialization, with transgenic varieties expressing genetically modified fatty acid patterns available since 1995.

Authors

Vahideh Gougerdchi

M.sc degree of agriculture biotechnology engineering, Tabriz, Iran.

Hajie Lotfi

PhD student of medical biotechnology, Tabriz University of medical Science, Iran.

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