Green Synthesis and Kinetics of Functionalized Piperidines promoted by Tartaric Acid as a Naturally Catalyst under Green Solvent

Synthesize of the substituted piperidine from the one-pot reaction between aromatic aldehydes, anilines and β-ketoesters in the presence of tartaric acid as a catalyst has been investigated at ambient temperature in both methanol and ethanol media [1]. Using of tartaric acid had many advantages such as mild reaction conditions, simple and readily available precursors and inexpensive catalyst [2]. Different conditions of temperature and solvent were employed for calculating the thermodynamic parameters and obtaining an experimental approach to the mechanism. Based on the spectral data, the overall order of the reaction followed the second order kinetics. Methanol was optimized as a desirable solvent in the synthesis of piperidine, nevertheless, ethanol in a kinetic investigation had none effects on enhancement of the reaction rate than methanol. The results showed that the first step of the reaction mechanism is a rate determining step [3]. The proposed mechanism was confirmed according to the obtained results and the steady state approximation.

Keywords:

Kinetics , Catalyst , Tartaric acid , Piperidine