ADHERENCE OF PLANT-BASED DIET MAY CONTRIBUTE TO REDUCE RISK OF NEPHROPATHY IN DIABETIC WOMEN: THE CASE-CONTROL STUDY

Background and Aim: Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is the most common type of diabetes that can lead to nephropathy, neuropathy and retinopathy. The type of protein consumed conduce the changes in renal function in these patients .This study sought to examine associations between plant-based diet indices and Diabetes Nephropathy (DN).Methods: We used an overall plant-based diet index (PDI) from repeated semiquantitative food-frequency questionnaire data, by assigning positive scores to plant foods and reverse scores to animal foods. We also used a healthful plant-based diet index (hPDI) where healthy plant foods (whole grains, fruits/vegetables, nuts/legumes, oils, tea/coffee) received positive scores, whereas less-healthy plant foods (juices/sweetened beverages, refined grains, potatoes/fries, sweets) and animal foods received reverse scores. To use an unhealthful PDI (uPDI), we gave positive scores to less-healthy plant foods and reverse scores to animal and healthy plant foods.Results: In pooled multivariable analysis, higher adherence to PDI was independently inversely associated with DN (OR=0.25, 95% CI=0.11-0.54). This inverse association was stronger for hDPI (OR=0.03, 95% CI=0.01-0.10). In the highest adherence to uPDI, risk of nephropathy was 8.9 times higher than those in the lowest adherence in this index (OR=8.9, 95% CI =3.71 - 21.43).Conclusion: Higher intake of a plant-based diet index rich in healthier plant foods is associated with substantially lower DN risk, whereas a plant-based diet index that emphasizes less-healthy plant foods is associated with higher DN risk.

Keywords:

Plant based diet , Diabetes , Nephropathy