Biomarkers for the management of Prostate cancer

Publish Year: 1396
نوع سند: مقاله کنفرانسی
زبان: English
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IPMCMED02_047

تاریخ نمایه سازی: 29 فروردین 1397

Abstract:

Prostate cancer can be described in several steps: benign, high-grade PIN (Prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia), primary adenocarcinoma, metastasis and therapeutic resistance. A major challenge in cancer research is to understand the underlying mechanisms of cancer. Great effort has been spent on determining genes, biomarkers and many observable morphological events associated with prostate cancer. Biomarkers and exosomal miRNAs are potential candidate biomarkers for detection, progressive and therapeutic agent and to monitor the treatment response in prostate tissue and biofluids and more than 50 miRNA have been identified. Reduced or increased expressions profiles of biomarker correlate with clinicopathological progression of prostate cancer including high Gleason score, peri-neural invasion and lymph node metastasis. The role of individual tumor biomarkers by utilized those as drugs or drug targets may adequately reflect as diagnostic power than serum prostate specific antigen (PSA), Prostate cancer antigen 3(PCA3) and other markers. Another hallmark of pathological prostate cancer is activation of a set of molecular heredities genes such as p27/CDKN1B, MYC, GSTP1, BCL-2, ETS gene fusions and loss of PTEN. These gene analyses provide an important insight into miRNA association with disease and disease progression and miRNAs can directly regulate these genes in prostate cancer.Unlike other markers, mirRNAs levels are stable over long periods, have no diurnal variation, can be measured inexpensively with available high-sensitivity assays and have shown specificity in terms of predicting the risk of cancer. Biomarkers are very informative at each tumor stages (low-stage or high-stage) and help eliminate invasive biopsies or unwanted surgery. Personalized biomarkers therapies are considered as new methods of targeted drug delivery and clinical trials for a good response to therapy to each patient’s requirements.

Authors

Fatemeh Mansouri

Department of Genetics and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran . Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran