A review of polycystic ovary syndrome (POCS) and Hoxa5 gene in mammalian

Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is endocrine disorder affecting women in their reproductive years and is a major cause of anovulation and consequent subfertility. There is evidence to support that, many factors including metabolism, hormones and genetics are involved in PCOS, also environmental factors such as diet and exercise affect PCOS. Of genes that have altered expression in human reproductive system disorders are Hox gene family genes. Hox genes are transcription factors in regulation of cell proliferation, differentiation, adhesion and migration in specifying regional identity along the embryonic axes and morphogenesis. Hoxa5 is expression in the stroma of the ovary and oviduct throughout the estrous cycle. Also Hoxa5 transcripts are detected during gestation with a progressive raise in the corpus luteal, this expression of Hoxa5 suggests that it may be subjected to regulation by sexual hormones. The loss of Hoxa5 function leads to ovarian epithelial cyst formation in females. POCS detected in Hoxa5 -/- females. Presence of ovarian epithelial cysts in Hoxa5 -/- females indicated that the loss of Hoxa5 function in stroma may affect on ovarian surface epithelium (OSE) cell behavior that is supported by the decreased expression of proteins involved in epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling, a key pathway for ovarian homeostasis.Methods: This article is a review of scientific researches.Result: In this work we used data from Google.Conclusion: Hoxa5 is necessary to warrant EGFR signaling that is essential for the postovulatory epithelium repair and ovarian physiology in mammalian.

Keywords:

EGFR , Hoxa5 , Mammalian , OSE , PCOS