Growth factors and their key role in regeneration of dentin-pulp complex

The primary goal of dentin-pulp regeneration is to restore the vitality and functions of the dentin-pulp complex. Structural restoration is also important but is likely secondary to vitality and functions. Growth factors are protein molecules secreted by cells that have the ability to regulate a variety of cellular processes in tissue engineering. They play a pivotal role in signaling the events of tissue formation and repair including migration, proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis of several cell types that are intimately involved in dentin-pulp regeneration. Sequestration of growth factors in the dentin matrix during tissue formation provides a pool of these molecules, which may be released during injury and contribute to signaling of reparative events. Therapeutic intervention with artificially synthesized growth factors also provides possibilities for control of cell activity during repair. Harnessing both endogenous and exogenous sources of growth factors can provide exciting opportunities for novel biological approaches to dental tissue repair and the blueprint for tissue engineering of the tooth. This review describes the biological significance of regenerating the pulp-dentin complex, types of growth factors, their effects on pulp regeneration, and the delivery strategies of these biological molecules to enhance the outcomes of regenerative endodontic therapy

Keywords:

Growth factor , Pulp-dentin complex , Regenerative endodontics , Dentistry.