Study of the antibiotic susceptibility profile of the bacterial isolates from the blood samples of the hospitalized patients in Faghihi hospital, Iran 2015-2016

Background: The choice of antimicrobial treatment for septicemia is often empirical and based on the knowledge of local antimicrobial activity patterns of the most common bacteria causing such bloodstream infections. The current study aimed to study the prevalence of bacterial pathogens causing septicemia and their antimicrobial resistance and sensitivity profiles in admitted patients in Shiraz, southwestern Iran. Methods: This cross-sectional study was done at Faghihi hospital, Shiraz, Iran. We examined 1262 positive blood culture from 6300 specimens over a period of one year from September 2015 to September 2016. Results: Bacterial strains were isolated from 20% of blood cultures. Gram-negative bacteria identified were Alcaligenes (29.6%), Escherichia coli (7%), Klebsiella (3.7%), Acinetobacter baumannnii (3.6%), Pseudomonas (2%), Enterobacter (1.2%) and Brucella (1%). In Gram-positive strains Staphylococcus aureus (27.2%), Staphylococcus epidermis (11.4%), non hemolytic streptococci (4.6%), Diphtheroid (4%), Enterococci (3.6%) and Micrococci (0.6%) were the most frequent strains. Imipenem, piperacillin/tazobactam, gentamicin, and amikacin were the antibiotics with most efficacy against Gram-negative agents. Vancomycin, rifampin, cephalothin, and cefazolin were the antibiotics with most efficacies against Gram-negative bacteria agents. Conclusion: Resistance to the majority of the antimicrobial agents for several pathogens implicated in bloodstream infections, particularly in Gram-negative bacteria, can make complications in the treatment of septicemia. We recommend considering better infection control precautions in blood sampling in the hospital

Keywords:

Antibiotic resistance , Septicemia , Infectious disease