Preparation of biocidal nanofibers by means of electrospinning; a new window for delivery of natural antimicrobials in food products

Background: Microbial contaminations have been considered as the primary cause of foodborne disease and spoilages. A variety of natural antimicrobial agents such as antimicrobial peptides, plant-derived substances, nano-particles, bacteriocins and enzymes have been used to control spoilage and pathogenic microorganisms by incorporation into the food matrix or in films and coatings. Electrospinning is a method for preparation of nano-sized fibers, which can be used for controlled delivery of antimicrobials because of unique properties such as porosity and large surface area to volume ratio. Methods: Two approaches can be currently considered in the generation of biocide fiber-based systems: 1. use of originally antimicrobial polymers such as chitosan; 2. incorporation of exogenous biocides in the fibers. The method to incorporate nanofibers habitually involves solubilizing or dispersing the substance into the polymer solution prior to electrospinning. The most representative bacteria in the antimicrobial test include Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Klebsiella pneumonia. Results: The antimicrobial activity introduced into fibers and polymers has attracted increasing attention for applications including protection of hospital personnel and first responders, for reducing odor, and for antimicrobial water and air filters. Nanotechnology arises as an alternative for delivery of natural preservatives in food, generally showing advantages in comparison to the use of free antimicrobials. Conclusion: The development of new and powerful antimicrobial materials is vital for human health protection, with increasing concerns of bacterial resistance. Electrospun nanofibers are a suitable platform to deliver antimicrobial agents, due to their desirable characteristics, including small dimensions, high specific.

Keywords:

Natural antimicrobials , food products , electrospinning , nanofiber