Management of the Treatment of Patients with Inhalation Burning and Cyanide Poisoning in a Fire Scene

Background and objective: Inhalation burns include about 30% of burns, and cyanide poisoning, a type of inhalation damage, occurs in widespread burns in buildings and industrial sites. Acrylic, rubber, and plastics materials, home furniture and silk wool and insulation of household goods contain carbon and nitrogen, producing cyanide in the environment during combustion, and along with smoke, enter the individual respiratory tract and ultimately his or her death. Therefore, management of dealing with the inhalation damage patients at the fire scene seems necessary.This study aimed to increase awareness and provide a good solution in the first case with an inhalation burn patient with a cyanide poisoning possibility.Materials and Methods: In this non-systematic study, a full- text access to 15 articles was provided using English and Persian keywords of inhalation burn and its management in the Google and databases such as Ebsco, MD Consult, Google Scholar, PubMed and Cinahl (1991- 2017).Results: Cyanide poisoning is rare and occurs in patients with inhaled smoke in residential and industrial fires repeatedly. Due to rescuers low awareness, a primary proper management of the rescuers in the fire can prevent severe injuries and mortality in patients.Conclusion: The cyanide poisoning timely detection in the fire scene and the use of a selective antidote and hyperbaric oxygen prevents further damage and possibly death. Rescuers familiarity with poisoning signs and detection of the smell of bitter almonds from the patients exhaustion and the proper initial care are very helpful.