Electrical stimulation of bone cells through the electrospun carbon nanofibers for bone tissue engineering

Publish Year: 1397
نوع سند: مقاله کنفرانسی
زبان: English
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NHSMED01_014

تاریخ نمایه سازی: 18 آذر 1398

Abstract:

Background and Objective: Electrical stimulations (ES), namely, the capacitive coupled electrical field, direct current field and electromagnetic field (EMF), have been used to promote bone healing for over 30 years, with a significant amount of literature on animal and clinical studies [1,2]. Various benefits include fast fracture consolidation, increased fracture callus, fracture resistance cortical thickening, periosteal or endosteal bone proliferation, and reduced disuse osteoporosis and joint ankylosis [3,4]. The aim of the present study was to fabricate electrospun carbon nanofibers (CNFs) and use them as a substrate to electrically stimulate MG-63 cells.Materials and Methods: Polyacrylonitrile (PAN) (Mw=150,000gr) was obtained from Polyacryl Company (Iran). The other materials and solvents were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, USA) and Merck (Darmstadt, Germany), respectively, unless otherwise noted. Human osteosarcoma cells, MG-63 cells, were supplied by the National Cell Bank of Iran (NCBI), Pasteur Institute of Iran (NCBI, C555).The polymer solution was prepared from dissolving the PAN polymer into the DMF under continuous and vigorous magnetic stirring at 40°C for 12h. Electrospinning of the PAN polymer solution was performed by Electrospinning equipment (Electronics, FNM, Tehran, Iran). A two steps heat treatment, the stabilization and the carbonization, was used to convert the PAN nanofibers into the carbon nanofibers by using a tube furnace (TF5/25 1720, Azar furnace Ltd., Co., Tehran, Iran). Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), XRD and Raman spectroscopy were used to characterize the resulted scaffolds.Findings: The diameter of the CNFs was 96 ± 14.8 and their electrical conductivity was 145.85 ± 28.26 S/cm. The stimulation of cells with direct current (DC) electric field (EF) at various current intensities of 10, 50, 100, and 200 μA conducted through the CNFs. The results showed that treatment with a current of 50 and 100 μA significantly enhanced the cell proliferation while, higher current intensity, 200 μA, inhibited the growth of the cells. Moreover, the osteogenic activity of the cells under interaction with EF was evaluated and the results showed that 100 μA resulted in the highest alkaline-phosphatase (ALP) production on day 14.Conclusion: Our findings revealed that the combination of the electrical stimulation and electrospun CNFs with nanofibrous structure can lead to efficient bone cell responses needed to enhance bone healing process.

Authors

Hadi Samadian

Nano Drug Delivery Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.

Hamid Mobasheri

Laboratory of Membrane Biophysics and Macromolecules, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran. Biomaterials Research Center (BRC), University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran

Reza Faridi-Majidi

Biomaterials Research Center (BRC), University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran. Department of Medical Nanotechnology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran