The Evaluation of the Various Types of the Magnetic Induction Communication Modulations for the WirelessUnderground Sensor Networks

The most important difference between the Wireless Underground Sensor Networks (WUSNs) and the wire ground sensor networks is the signal propagation environment. In fact; the underground environment consists of soil, rock and water instead of the air. The challenging reasons of these environments to propagate the wireless signal via the Electro Magnetic (EM) Waves are considered as: the High Path Loss, Channel Dynamic Conditions and the High Size of Antenna. These reasons encouraged us to apply a new method as the MI waveguide. At the present study, the details of Bit Error Rate (BER) for the ZPSK, ASK, FSK, DPSK modulations via the MI waveguide were evaluated .In this method, the small induction coils created the constant/fixed conditions for the channel .Finally, with regard to the findings,the BPSK modulation was considered as the best modulation for the signal propagation with the appropriate bit error rate that caused the path loss in that system.

Keywords:

Channel Modulation (Modeling) , Magnetic Induction (MI) , MI Waveguide Method , Underground Communications , Wireless Sensor Networks