Fabrication of functionalized Porous Nanofibers Using Electrospinning Method

The importance of nanotechnology has gained new and widely fields for the application of nanomaterials in chemistry. As part of Nano science, Electrospinning is a useful and efficient technique to produce ultrafine polymeric fibers. It has been a process of great scientific and industrial interest due to its versatility. Electrospinning has many advantages, such as high surface area to volume ratio, wide variety of polymers and materials have been used to form nanofibers, ease of fiber functionalization and material combination, flexible method and nanofibers with diameters down to tens of nanometers. In this research, for the first time, nanofibers was designed and fabricated based on functionalized porous carbon and silica nanostructures. Polyvinylpyrrolidone and Polyacrylonitrile polymers were selected as the most suitable polymers for the preparation of nanofibers; The effective parameters for synthesis of nanofibers, such as precursor and adsorbent concentration, solvent type, molecular mass of polymers, type and amount of additives, electrospinning distance, feed rate and voltage were optimized. The nanofibers were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Thermo Gravimetric-Differential Thermal Analysis (TG/DTA), FT-IR, EDX and XRD analysis. This novel nanofibers has made with high strength and good flexibility. The results of the analysis of nanofibers, presence of porous nanostructures, porosity and fiber uniformity and the presence of functional groups were showed. Finally, Eco-friendly nanofibers were synthesized at the optimum conditions with the best morphology and minimum diameter.