Background and Aim:
Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) as the second mostprevalent primary hepatobiliary cancer and aggressive malignancy whicharise from bile duct’s epithelial cells have an incremental incidence inthe last 30 years. Since gene expression pattern is greatly changed in CCAbackground, it is of urgency to identify new genomic biomarkers such asmiRNA and lncRNA for CCA patients. Tumor-suppressing and oncogenicfunctions of lncRNAs and miRNAs lead them to play the crucial role intumor growth by affecting on matrix invasion and might cause CCA bydisrupting key signaling pathways.Methods: In this bioinformatic study, all of the lncRNAs and miRNAswere collected from the literature studies that they were screened basedon high throughput technics like, RNAseq and microarray screening ofnormal and cancer sample of patients with CCA. The gene expressionprofiles of CCA were obtained from GEO (available at http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/) database. The following keywords and theircombinations were used: homo sapiens and cholangiocarcinoma. Theoriginal studies that compared gene expression profiling between CCAand normal control (NC) biopsy tissues or cultured cells were included inthis study. Nonhuman studies and reviews were deleted. The GEO IDs ofthe eligible dataset were GSE26566, GSE32225and GSE45001. Totally,553 cases and 52 controls were included for integrated analysis. The NCsamples were coming from normal intrahepatic bile ducts (n = 7), pairednon-cancerous liver tissues from intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC)patients (n = 7), cultured normal biliary epithelial (NBE) cells (n = 4) andnontumor areas from 20 patients with ICC.Results: Analysis of lncRNAs and miRNAs database: After completingthe final analysis, we collected 10 valuable lncRNA such as CPS1,GAS5 and HOTAIR and also 20 valuable miRNA such as mir-200a, mir-320b, mir-191as a novel panel of biomarkers to detect CCA at the earlystage. All these advice panels of biomarkers were valid in a databaselike LncRNAs Disease databases , miRBase and miRTarBase .differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the integrated analysis ofmicroarray datasets: After an electronic search, there were 26 microarraystudies obtained according to the inclusion criteria. By integrated analysis,12 274 genes were obtained and a set of 712 DEGs were identified inthe CCA compared with non-CCA, including 306 upregulated and 406downregulated DEGs.Conclusion: In recent years, many studies have discovered the linkbetween miRNA/lncRNA and cholangiocarcinoma in the process oftumorigenic and tumor progression, some of which suggest that miRNAsand lncRNAs may serve as new markers for CCA patients. The integratedanalysis appears to be a useful approach to identify DEGs between CCAand normal tissues. The most consistently overexpressed genes of PKM,COL1A1, and COL1A2 might participate in the pathology of CCA, andthey will be the important biomarkers for the diagnosis of CCA and infuture studies, this panel will be generalizable.