Seyedeh Neda Mousavi - Department of Biochemistry and Nutrition, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
Farzad Shidfar - Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Fariba Koohdani - Department of Cellular and Molecular Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetic, Tehran University of MEdical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

Background: Osteoporosis is a serious world health problem with economic implications, and it is characterized by enhanced bone fragility and increased fracture risk. These problems arise as a result of low bone mass and micro-architectural deterioration of bone tissue. Evidence has shown that environmental factors may act early in development (in utero and early postnatal life), interacting with the genome to produce a persistent influence on postnatal skeletal development. Therefore, it is important to develop new preventive approaches for reducing the incidence of osteoporosis. Then, the effects of low and high amounts of extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) in maternal diet were assessed on bone formation and resorption markers of offspring. Material and Methods: Virgin female C57BL/6 mice were received 16% of calorie as soybean oil [LFS] and EVOO [LFO] or 45% of calorie as soybean oil [HFS] and EVOO [HFO] from the time of vaginal plug confirmation until the offspring was weand.Results: Gene expression of Runx2, Alk.ph, COLI, OPG and OPG/RANK-L ratio were significantly higher in the offspring born from LFO than LFS and LFO than HFO-fed mothers (p<0.001). PPARγ2 gene expression was up-regulated in the HFO, as well as LSO than LFO group (p<0.001 and p=0.02, respectively). Serum OPG/RANK-L ratio was significantly higher in in the LFO than HFO group (p=0.04).Conclusion: Low amount of EVOO in maternal diet leads to increase in bone formation and decrease in bone resorption markers in female mice offspring at adolescence.

Osteoblastogenesis; dietary oil; fetal programming; gestation; lactation