Sahar Hasani - Pharmaceutical sciences branch
Saeid Morovvati - Molecular Biology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences

Gemcitabine is an analog of deoxycytidine with the anticancer effect that is prescribed as a cure for different cancers among Pancreatic cancer that is one of the most aggressive and deadly malignancy cancer. Furthermore, this drug is profitable it can be as well as so toxic. Different genotype variations that are resulted by the polymorphisms of the genes coding the proteins contributing to the enzymatic pathways can affect the expression and function of the proteins that cause various responses in front of the Gemcitabine. One of these proteins is cytidine deaminase (CDA) that its gene is so polymorphic. The clearance of gemcitabine after taken up by the cancer cells driven up by rapid inactivation by CDA to its primary metabolite 2, 2-difluoro- deoxyuridine (dFDU). Each of the different polymorphisms in the CDA gene contributes to its protein activity and can change the gemcitabine clearance process consequently. Considering the toxicity of gemcitabine, its accumulation throughout the body can cause severe poisoning even death among the patient. Pharmacogenetics and personal medicine help us to recognize phenotype- genotype correlation with correct recognition of each of the patient genotype and studying the effect of the polymorphisms on the cytidine deaminase protein activity; according to this correlation can prescribe the anti- cancer drug with appropriate dose and condition for each of the patients. With recent description, these proceedings prevent poisoning and patient death as well as can achieve to the best drug response. Studying the genotype- phenotype correlation between the cytidine deaminase gene and its common polymorphisms according to data are collected from other articles heretofore considered as our aim in this article. We are hopeful of reaching to a desirable conclusion by this collective information about gemcitabine Pharmacogenetics.

Gemcitabine. Polymorphisms. Pharmacogenetics. pancreatic cancer