Shamila Mosharraf - Lecturer, Department of Midwifery, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Falavarjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran
Maryam Allahdadin - Assistant Professor, Department of Midwifery, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Falavarjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran
Mitra Reyhani - Lecturer, Department of Midwifery, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Falavarjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran

Background & aim: Considering the epidemic of hookah smoking in young people, the main purpose of this study was to assess the adverse effects of hookah consumption in pregnant women and their fetus. Methods: This prospective cohort study was carried out in a a 13-month period in Isfahan, Iran, 2014. Data were collected using a questionnaire, interviewing, and examination. The study population consisted of 512 pregnant women, who were selected by convenience sampling method and assigned into two groups of smoker and non-smoker. The groups were matched considering the age, early pregnancy weight, parity, and family history of preeclampsia. Data analysis was performed using t-test and Chi-squared test in SPSS software, version 19. Results: According to the results, there was a direct relationship between preeclampsia, preterm labor, placental abruption, birth weight and APGAR score with hookah consumption during pregnancy. However, no significant correlation wa sseen between intrauterine fetal demise and hookah consumption during pregnancy (P<0.05). Conclusion: Hookah smoking during pregnancy can make a significant difference in maternal and neonatal complications. Therefore, controlling hookah usage during pregnancy can reduce adverse pregnancy outcomes.

pregnancy, hookah, Non-smoking women