Hamidreza Barnamehei - Department of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University Tehran, Iran
Farhad Tabatabai Ghomsheh - Department of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University Tehran, Iran
Afsaneh Safar Cherati - Iran university of Medical Science Rasoul Akram Hospital Tehran, Iran
Majid Pouladian - Iran university of Medical Science Rasoul Akram Hospital Tehran, Iran

Main goals of this study were: (1) to present the EMG,kinematic and kinetics variables in upper limbs at a contact timeand (2) to compare these variables in elite and non-elite groups.Twenty players categorized two groups (elite and non-elite). TheEMG of five muscles was recorded: the deltoid (DL), theinfraespinatus (IS), the biceps brachii (BB), the supraspinatus(SP), and the serratus anterior (SA). The kinematic and kineticdata were collected from the shoulder, elbow, and wrist by motioncapture and two force plate. According to these data, just BB andDL muscles of elite players had more muscle activation but eliteplayers had more moment and power in all joints at contact time.Also, angular positions of joints at the contact point are differentin the elite and non-elite group because these two groups haddifferent skills of BOS. Furthermore, elite persons had moreangular velocity in wrist and elbow joints because in contact pointplayers try to change the velocity of their shoulders to increasingmomentum. We found that the kinematic, kinetic andneuromuscular activity in this BOS at contact is different in twodifferent skill level of badminton players. Relationship amongmuscle activation, kinetic and kinematic values at contact timepresented how elite players control their segments at contact time.Elite players had not maximum muscle activity in all of themuscles but they have maximum moment and power in theirjoints. These results show elite players use optimum motor controland neuromuscular system to doing BOS significantly.

Badminton, Continuous relative phase, Smash, Overhead, Coordination