The reverse genetics systems applied to fish viral Disease

The reverse genetics refers to the use of recombinant DNA technology to convertviral genomes into complementary DNA and generate viruses from cloned DNA.Since manipulating RNA genomes still remains hard, genetic manipulation of RNAviruses has exclusively relied on cDNA intermediates to generate biologically activeRNA molecules. These systems can be used as powerful tools to study all aspects ofthe virus biology and virus-host interactions but also give opportunity to use virusesas live attenuated vaccines or gene vectors. In addition, genetically taggedrecombinant viruses can be designed to facilitate serological differentiation ofvaccinated animals from infected animals. This review provides an overview on therecent breakthroughs achieved by using reverse genetics systems in terms of viralprotein function such as betanodavirus B1 and B2 proteins, aquabirnavirus VP5 andseveral other proteins, virulence and host-specificity factor, vector design andvaccine development.

Keywords:

Vaccine , Vector , Virus , Genome