Iranian Gardens and the Development of Modern Parks: A Case Study of Tehran City Park

There is no evidence of urban parks in the civilizations world. In ancient Persia, the first gardens were built around the royal palace, but because they were outside the city of these public gardens, they had no access to it. In Europe, it has not been seen parks until recent centuries, but after the Renaissance, the wealthy people's houses were surrounded by large gardens, which showed the attention of nature. This research was conducted with descriptive-analytic research method to identify the phenomenon of Iranian garden and its design patterns as the oldest type of park in Iran and after researching and collecting data with field methods as well as library study resources, City Park From the time of their emergence in Europe, divided into four categories. In the following, by identifying and comparing the elements of modern parks with Iranian parks, the elements of historical gardens are adapted to existing parks. In this regard, Tehran City Park, one of the oldest parks in Tehran, was conducted as a case study for the adaptation of historical gardens and modern city parks elements. The results showed that Western influences have led to the use of curved lines in space rather than using straight and static lines, as well as replacement rectangular and stair form dock with water fountains. Also, the patterns of historic gardens enclosed by the Chinese wall were transformed into the gardens without a fence.

Keywords:

Iranian Gardens , Modern Parks , Elements of Iranian Gardens , Tehran City Park