مجتبی زروانی - دانشیار دانشگاه تهران
امین افخم - دانشجوی دکتری ادیان و عرفان دانشگاه تهران

The first and second of Timothy and Titus in the New Testament, attributed to Paul, are called the Pastoral Epistles. The credibility of these epistles were acceptable until the Middle Ages, but with the onset of the Biblical historical critique, the authenticity and content of these epistles like other parts of Bible were reviewed. This article is going to answer two questions about these letters, the attribution of these letters to Paul, and then, the influences of teachings and theology of the epistles after the historical criticism of the Bible. Schleiermacher was the first critic of  the authenticity of these letters and later scholars confirmed his opinion by providing further arguments. Method of study is conceptual analysis method. It seems that the actual writer of the Pastoral Epistles is not Paul, and despite all the reviews and surveys, nowadays Pastoral Epistles are a source of inspiration and influence in the Christian community. The influences of Pastoral Epistles on the structure of the Christian Church, the pattern of believer's behavior and charity associations are still significant.

نقد کتاب مقدس, رسالات شبانی, پولس, تیموتائوس, تیتوس, مسیحیان