The Review of the Reinforcement of Concrete, Steel, Masonry and Historic Brick Structures

Reinforcement in the modern science of civil engineering means increasing the resistance of a structure (building) against the forces. Reinforcement is used for preconstructed and under-construction buildings, so the audience must pay attention to the fact that when we talk about reinforcement, we mean old and under-construction buildings and buildings that have not been made yet-, are not considered in this category. Reinforced concrete structures are part of frame buildings and are among the most common buildings in our country, but due to the lack of accurate design and based on relevant engineering regulations, lack of use of stable structural systems and unsuitable structures, most buildings Existing buildings can be classified as semi-durable or non-durable buildings. In steel structures, We are facing problems such as rupture due to buckling of members and joints of braces in braced steelframes or rupture of column plates and restraints in braced frames and bending frames as well as rupture of welded joints of beams to columns in bend frames. Structures with building materials are also common in most parts of the country, and for this reason, we must look for a plan and method to strengthen them, especially against earthquakes. The need for reinforcement in historic and brick structures left over from tens or hundreds of years ago is doubly important because if they are not reinforced, there is no guarantee for the survival of these structures for future generations. In this article, the methods of structural reinforcement, including concrete, steel, and brick structures, are reviewed and investigated, and at the end, a general summary as well as suggestions and opinions regarding the reinforcement of structures will be presented.

Keywords:

Concrete Structures , FRP , Steel Structures , Masonary Structures , Seismic Reinforcement