Evaluation of Thyroid Dysfunction in Women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Compared to Healthy Pregnant Women Referred to Kowsar Hospital in Qazvin from 2017 to 2018

Background & Objective: In this study, thyroid dysfunction in women with gestational diabetes mellitus was examined and compared to that in healthy pregnant women referred to Kowsar Hospital in Qazvin in 2017 and 2018. Methods: In this case-control study, 100 women with gestational diabetes mellitus and 100 non diabetic healthy pregnant women who referred to Kowsar Hospital in Qazvin from 2017 to 2018 were selected using the convenience sampling method, and their serum thyroxine, anti-TPO, and TSH levels were determined and compared. Moreover, Apgar scores and anthropometric variables were compared between the two groups. Results: In the present study, there were statistically significant differences between the groups in terms of the TSH level (P=0.012), assessed by the independent t-test, the thyroxine (P=0.0001) and anti-TPO (P=0.008) levels, both examined by the Mann-Whitney test, which associated with high levels of TSH and anti-TPO and low levels of thyroxine in the diabetic group. No differences were found regarding the Apgar scores and anthropometric variables between the groups (P>0.05). Conclusion: Overall, according to the obtained results, it can be inferred that thyroid dysfunction, realized as hypothyroid with high anti-TPO levels, was more prevalent in women with gestational diabetes mellitus compared to healthy pregnant women.