Amniotic Fluid and Maternal Lipid Profiles and Pregnancy Outcomes: Is There any Relationship?

Background & Objective: This prospective study aimed to determine the relationship between maternal and amniotic fluid (AF) lipid profiles in the second trimester with pregnancy outcomes. Materials & Methods: One hundred-eighty singleton pregnant women, with a gestational age of 16-22 weeks, were enrolled in this study. All women underwent amniocentesis, and 2 mL of AF was investigated for AF lipid profile. Furthermore, the serum maternal lipid profile was evaluated simultaneously.  All participants were followed up until the delivery, and postnatal outcomes were recorded. Results: Mean maternal age and body mass index (BMI) of all participants were 5.8±33 years and 25.6±2.8 kg/m2, respectively. Mean maternal estriol, cholesterol, and triglyceride levels, as well as mean cholesterol and triglyceride levels of AF, were significantly different between term and preterm; intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) and non-intrauterine growth retardation (non-IUGR); and low birth weight and normal weight neonates (P<0.001). The AF cholesterol level was an independent predictor of term or preterm delivery, while the maternal estriol level was an independent predictor of IUGR or normal growth. Conclusion: Maternal and amniotic fluid lipid profiles could be good indicatives of fetus growth.

Keywords:

Amniotic fluid , Lipid profile , Pregnancy outcome