k marzbani - islamic azad university kermanshah iran and member of young researchers club
m maryani - islamic azad university malayer

oxidative stress is characterized by the production of reactive oxygen species ROS. Oxidative stress occurs when there is a serious imbalance in any cell compartment between production of ROS and antioxidant defense leading to damage there is a central factor in abiotic and biotic stress phenomena. under non-stressful conditions the antioxidant defense system provides adequate protection against active oxygen and free radicals .

reactive oxygen species,oxidative stress , antioxidant systems , biotic and abiotic stress.