Mehdi Mirzaei - Cancer Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Mohammad Esmaeil Akbari - Cancer Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Mohammad Ali Mohagheghi - Cancer Institute Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Seyed Mohammad Tavangar - Department of Pathology, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Bita Mehravi - Department of Medical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Mehdi Shafiee Ardestani - Department of Radiopharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

Objective(s): Toxico-histopathological studies are used to assess the toxic impacts of nanoparticles in organism exposure. The present study aimed to evaluate the prospective nano-cytotoxicity impacts of Gd(III)-anionic linear globular dendrimer second-generation G۲-C۵۹۵ (Gd[III] dendrimer G۲-C۵۹۵) contrast nanoprobe in terms of the exposure of many nude mice organs and organisms. In addition, we assessed the potential of the Gd(III)-dendrimer G۲-C۵۹۵ nanoprobe as a novel magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) nano-contrast agent for the human breast cancer cell line (MCF-۷) and human embryonic kidney cell line (HEK-۲۹۳).Materials and Methods: Gadolinium (Gd[III]) was loaded with dendrimer G۲ and conjugated with the C۵۹۵ monoclonal antibody to generate the Gd(III)-dendrimer G۲-C۵۹۵ to determine the impact on MUC۱ beneficial cancer tumors. The cytotoxic effects of the Gd(III)-dendrimer G۲-C۵۹۵ nanoprobe on the HEK-۲۹۳ cells were also investigated in-vitro and in-vivo. In addition, the Gd(III)-dendrimer G۲-C۵۹۵ nanoprobe was used on nude mice bearing the MCF-۷ tumors to explore its specific activity against the in-vivo model of cancer.Results: The Gd(III)-dendrimer G۲-C۵۹۵ contrast nanoprobes affected the cytotoxicity of MCF-۷, and no in-vivo toxicity was induced in the HEK-۲۹۳ cells, kidneys, heart, lungs, brain, liver tissues, and other organs.Conclusion: According to the results, the Gd(III)-dendrimer G۲ and Gd(III)-dendrimer G۲-C۵۹۵ induced no toxicity in the HEK-۲۹۳ cells and heart, liver, and brain tissues of mice. In addition, the Gd(III)-dendrimer G۲-C۵۹۵ showed specific anti-action against the in-vivo tumor model. Therefore, the Gd(III)-dendrimer G۲-C۵۹۵ nanoprobe is highly recommended as a novel and effective MR contrast agent and antitumor carrier agent. Furthermore, the Gd(III)-dendrimer G۲-C۵۹۵ nano-sized probes demonstrated excellent biocompatibility and safety with no impact on normal organ functioning.

Gd(III)-Dendrimer G۲-C۵۹۵ Nanoprobe, Human Embryonic Kidney Cells (HEK-۲۹۳), human breast cancer cell line (MCF-۷), Nanoparticle Toxicity