الهه تاج الدین - Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
مسعود آل بویه - ۲,۳ Basic and Molecular Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehra
امیرهوشنگ محمدعلیزاده - Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
محمدرضا زالی - Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

Background and Objective: The aim of this study was to detect bacteria associated with biliary tract diseases and relationship between their class ۱, ۲ and ۳ integrons and antibiotic resistance patterns. Materials and Methods: Bile samples of biliary patients undergoing cholangiopancreatography were examined for the presence of bacteria and antibiotic resistance patterns using biochemical tests and disk diffusion method. PCR was used for detection of the presence of integrase genes intI۱, intI۲, and intI۳ in total DNA and plasmid extracts of these bacterial isolates. Results: Out of ۱۰۲ bile samples, ۴۱.۲% were positive by culture. The isolated bacteria belonged to E. coli (۳۵.۵%), Enterococcus spp. (۱۹.۴%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (۱۷.۷۴%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (۱۷.۷۴%), Acinetobacter spp. (۶.۴۵%) and Staphylococcus epidermidis (۱.۶%). All isolates were resistant to amoxiclav and ۸۷.۵% of the isolates showed multidrug resistance (MDR) pattern. intI۱and intI۲ were found in E. coli (۵۹.۰۹%, ۵۰%), P. aeruginosa (۸۱.۸۱%, ۴۵.۴۵%), K. pneumonia (۶۳.۶%, ۲۷.۲۷%) and Acinetobacter spp. (۱۰۰%, ۱۰۰ %), respectively. These results showed the presence of class ۱ and ۲ integrons on the extracted plasmids and indicated a significant association between class ۱ integron and resistance to gentamicin and ciprofloxacin. Conclusion: High frequency of class ۱ and ۲ integrons among the bile isolates and their association with increased antimicrobial resistance phenotypes suggests that bile components are as selective agents for bacterial strains encoding these elements.

Keywords: Integrons, Bile infection, Antimicrobial resistance