Effect of Pyridoxal Phosphate on Atherosclerosis and Nephropathy Progression in Atherosclerotic Rats

 Background & Objective:  Diabetes vascular complications are the leading cause of death in the world. Therefore, we investigated the effect of pyridoxal phosphate (PLP) on the formation of atheromatous plaque and renal function in atherosclerotic rats.  Materials & Methods:  Forty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups of normal, atherosclerotic, and two similar groups under PLP treatment. Atherosclerosis was induced in rats by an atherogenic diet and all groups were treated with ۰.۱۸% of PLP in drinking water daily for three months. Hematoxylin and eosin stain was applied to assess the histopathological changes in the aorta of subjects. Insulin resistance index, the activity of the glyoxalase (GLO) system, lipid profile, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) oxidation markers, advanced oxidation protein products, and inflammatory markers, such as high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and TGF-β۱ were examined in all rats. In addition, serum creatinine levels and urinary protein excretion of all animals were measured.  Results:  Atheromatous lesions were not observed in the aorta of PLP-treated atherosclerotic rats. Furthermore, PLP seemed to improve insulin function, lipid profile, kidney function parameters, GLO system activity, and inflammation. We found that PLP treatment decreased the formation of LDL oxidation products both in vitro and in vivo (P<۰.۰۰۱).  Conclusion:  According to our findings, PLP imposed a beneficial effect on vascular complications in atherosclerotic rats, which could be attributed to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Moreover, PLP has positive impacts on insulin function, dyslipidemia, and GLO system activity.

Keywords:

Atherosclerosis , Inflammation , Nephropathy , Oxidative stress , Pyridoxal phosphate