Association of FTO rs۹۹۳۹۶۰۹ Gene Polymorphism with Insulin Resistance in Iranian individuals with Newly Diagnosed Type ۲ Diabetes

Background and Aim: Insulin resistance (IR) and fat accumulation in visceral adipose tissue are key players in developing type ۲ diabetes (T۲D). Several adipose tissue derived-gene polymorphisms are related to higher body mass index (BMI), insulin resistance and T۲D. The association of fat-mass and obesity-associated (FTO) rs۹۹۳۹۶۰۹ gene polymorphism with overweight/obesity and T۲D is controversial. The aim of this study was to determine the association between FTO rs۹۹۳۹۶۰۹ polymorphism and insulin resistance in newly-diagnosed T۲D patients.Methods: The case-control study included ۸۳ newly-diagnosed T۲D patients and ۸۵ healthy matched controls, aged ۲۰-۸۰ years. Fasting blood glucose and insulin levels were measured by the enzymatic method and enzyme-linked-immunosorbent assay, respectively. Insulin resistance was calculated using the homeostasis model assessment (HOMA) index. Genotyping was examined using the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP).Results: There was significant differences between FTO rs۹۹۳۹۶۰۹ polymorphism and studied individuals (P=۰.۰۰۰۱). The genetic polymorphism of FTO rs۹۹۳۹۶۰۹ (T/A) is significantly related to higher HOMA index (P=۰.۰۴۶). Moreover, FTO rs۹۹۳۹۶۰۹ polymorphism was significantly positively correlated to familial history of diabetes (P=۰.۰۲۴).Conclusion: FTO rs۹۹۳۹۶۰۹ genetic variation may change insulin metabolism and have key roles in developing T۲D through insulin resistance. Thus, the evaluation of this polymorphic region may be helpful for predicting type ۲ diabetes.

Keywords:

type ۲ diabetes , insulin resistance , fat mass-and obesity associated (FTO) , gene polymorphism