Study on genetic diversity of Iranian apple cultivars by SSR markers

Background and Aim: In order To study the Genetic diversity of Iranian apple cultivars, a experiment was preformed with ۱۳ Apple genotypes and overall ۴۳ sample at Department of Genetics and national plant Gene bank of Iran (NPGBI).Methods: Samples plant from gardens and research stations of Kamal Abad, Karaj & Khorasan was collected. In this study after extracted DNA and determine the quantity and quality of that, ۱۰ primer Microsatellite (SSR) on Poly acrylamide gel were evaluated, And of these, Hi۲۱f۰۸, Hi۰۳a۰۳, CH۰۴g۱۰, Hi۰۷h۰۲ and Hi۰۱c۱۱ primers showed Most polymorphs. Band pattern observed for each primer based on bands there, ۱ and absent ۰, it was considered and calculated polymorphism information content (PIC) and shannon index. also cluster analysis obtained based UPGMA algorithm.Results: The results showed; ۲۵ polymorphic alleles were proliferated in ۵ microsatellite loci. Genetic diversity indices showed that average of polymorphism information content (PIC) was ۳۱% that Hi۲۱f۰۸ and Hi۰۱c۱۱ had the highest (۰.۳۷) and lowest (۰.۱۷) values of polymorphism information content respectively and CH۰۴g۱۰ locus had the highest rate (۱.۵۵) of Shannon diversity index, which represents the genetic diversity among populations, whereas Hi۰۱c۱۱ had the lowest (۱.۰۰) Shannon index. Cluster analysis can be divided ۱۳ apple genotypes of Iran into seven groups,Conclusion: This indicates that high genetic diversity is between apple cultivars of Iran.

Keywords:

Apple , Genetic diversity , SSR markers , Shannon index , Cluster analysis