Possible neuro-regenerative effects of ferulic acid by overexpression of anti-inflammatory markers in microglial cells

Background and Aim: Microglia are resident immune cells of the Central Nervous System (CNS). They are involved in the pathogenesis of diverse neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, prion diseases as well as multiple sclerosis, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and AIDS dementia complex. It is widely accepted that microglia contribute to the neurodegeneration through a release of a variety of pro-inflammatory substances. In fact, they are not the only cells which contribute to immunological processes inside the nervous system. However, over activation of microglia is neurotoxic,which triggers a variety of cytotoxic pro-inflammatory markers that produce deleterious effects on neuronal cells. Ferulic acid (FA) is a phenolic compound that exerts antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects in neurodegenerative disease. FA exhibits free radical-scavenging, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties in various neurodegenerative diseases and neuroprotective activity against focal cerebral ischemia via modulation of apoptotic protein expression and regulation of the inflammatory reaction. FA also prevented β amyloid-induced toxicity in vivo and in vitro.Methods: In this experimental study, microglia cell isolated from mixed glia cell of ۲-day-old male mouse infant brain and these cell exposure to different concentration on FA (۵۰,۱۰۰,۲۵۰,۵۰۰µg/ml ) in different groups for ۲۴ hours. After treat, we asset anti-inflammatory markers as neuroprotective gene expression and GAPDH gene as housekeeping.Results: The results revealed that ۵۰µg/ml ferluic acid significantly have increased expression of anti-inflammatory markers and have effected on cell morphology and cell viabilities to suppressed toxicity and inflammatory of over microglia activities.Conclusion: In our original report, microglia are essential for the protection of fragile brain tissue from infection or injury, they can produce and excrete substances that are responsible for prolonged, and sometimes misdirected, inflammatory responses. The aim of this study was to determine the role of possible neuro-regenerative effects of ferulic acid by overexpression of anti-inflammatory markers in microglial cells