Elham Rezaee - MSc in Medical Parasitology, Gerash University of Medical Sciences, Gerash, Iran
Fatemeh Heidari - MSc in Intensive Care Nursing, Gerash University of Medical Sciences,Gerash, Iran
Mohammad Nowrouzi - BSc in General Health, Gerash University of Medical Sciences, Gerash, Iran

Background and aims: Pediculosis is one of the most common parasitic diseases that affect a wide range of age groups. The prevention of head lice infections promotes the physical and mental health of people in the community. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of head lice infections and the factors affecting them in those who referred to health centers in Gerash County from ۲۰۱۱ to ۲۰۱۸. Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on patients suspected with head lice infections in health centers in Gerash. These infections were diagnosed by observing adult lice, nymphs, or nits on the head with the help of a magnifying glass. The collected data were then analyzed using SPSS software, version ۲۲ and P ˂ ۰.۰۵ was considered as the significance level. Results: In general, ۶۶ ۴۱۰ patients suspected with head lice were examined, of whom ۲,۵۴۷ cases (۳.۸۳%) were reported with confirmed infections including ۲۳۹۵ female (۹۴.۰۳%) and ۱۵۲ male (۵.۹۷%) cases. The highest levels of infections were reported in the age group of ۶-۱۰ years while the lowest levels of infections were found in children less than ۶ years of age. A significant statistical relationship was observed between head lice and gender, age, season, and the place of residence, and year of infection (P < ۰.۰۵). Conclusion: Due to the increasing trend of head lice infections in recent years, pediculosis is still considered a health problem. Therefore, training on personal hygiene, adequate access to health services, and early diagnosis and treatment can play an important role in the prevention and elimination of head lice.

Head lice, Pediculosis, Epidemiology, Gerash