Mohammad Ghasem Kashanizadeh - Azad University of Medical Sciences, Tehran , Iran.
Fariba Rezaei Fakhrnezhad - Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Alzahra University, Tehran, Iran.
Saeede Yavari - Science and Research Branch, Department of Biology, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
Homa Alizadeh - Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Islamic Azad University North Tehran Branch, Tehran, Iran
Payam Hashemim - Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran , Iran.
Amir Monfaredan - Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran.

Background: Prostate cancer is the second most common cancer in men in Iran. It can be treated in the early stages of the disease; therefore, early diagnosis can be lifesaving. The aim of this study was to investigate the molecular expression of some oncogenes and predisposing behaviors contributing to the aggressiveness of prostate cancer. Methods: In this case-control study, prostate cancer specimens were collected from both patients and healthy volunteers. Several factors such as age, family history, smoking, and stage of the disease, were investigated based on the criteria of this study. Real-time PCR was used to measure the expression of four oncogenes. Statistical analysis of our data was carried out using SPSS software version ۲۲. Results: The X۲ test showed that there was a difference in the incidence of prostate cancer in different age groups (X۲= ۹.۳۰; p= ۰.۰۲۶). Although data analysis by the X۲ test showed that family history had a significant effect on prostate cancer (X۲= ۱۴.۴۳; p= ۰.۰۰۱), smoking did not show a significant effect on the incidence of this disorder (X۲= ۴.۶۷; p= ۰.۰۹۷). The T۲N۱M۰ stage is the most common form of prostate cancer in patients with family history of prostate cancer and the habit of smoking. Also, the expression of KRAS۱P, GLB۱L۲, SChLAP۱ and PACSIN۳ oncogenes reduced in prostate cancer samples compared to the control group. Conclusions: Overall, functional interpretation of gene expression in the prostate tissue can affect tumor progression. Yet, further practical studies are required to reveal the accurate underlying mechanisms.

Age, Family History, Oncogenes, Prostate Cancer, Smoking.