Assessing the Effect of Freund Adjuvant on the ۴T۱ Breast Cancer Mice Model

Background and Objective: Cancer immunotherapy combined with other common treatments can be an effective way to overcome cancerous cells. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of Freund Adjuvant on breast cancer in the BALB/c model of mice. Material and Methods: Twenty female inbred ۶–۷-week-old- BALB/c mice were randomly divided into two groups of Test and Control, each containing ۱۰ mice. Breast cancer was induced by injecting۱۰۶ ۴T۱ cells into the right flank region of mice. After the tumors were palpable; animals were immunized three times by intraperitoneal (IP) injection of Freund adjuvant in the test group and phosphate buffered saline (PBS) in the control group at same condition. During the study; tumor growth, body weight, and survival percentages in mice were measured by using the caliper method, and mortalities were recorded. Results were tabulated using Excel, and Graphpad Prism Version ۸. Data were analyzed using One-Way ANOVA and T-test and the significance level for statistical tests was considered p≤۰.۰۵. Results: The results showed that tumor mice given Freund Adjuvant had a significant reduction in tumor size compared to the control group (P=۰.۰۱) and no significant weight difference was observed between the two groups (P=۰.۴). Furthermore, Kaplan Meier showed that the survival of the mice in the Freund Adjuvant group was significantly increased compared to the control group (P=۰.۰۰۹). Conclusion: This study showed that Freund Adjuvant may play an important role in improving the function of the immune system for cancer immunotherapy.

Keywords:

Breast Neoplasms , Immunotherapy , Freund's Adjuvant , Animal model