Navab Kazemi - Department of Agricultural Machinery and Mechanization Engineering, Ramin Agriculture and Natural Resources University of Khuzestan, Mollasani, Iran
Seyed Mohammad Safieddin Ardebili - Department of Biosystems Engineering, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran.
Niloofar Alizadehbehbahani - Department of Agricultural Machinery and Mechanization Engineering, Ramin Agriculture and Natural Resources University of Khuzestan, Mollasani, Iran

In this research work, the performance and the exhaust emissions of a CI engine operating on diesel-biodiesel-ethanol blended fuels were investigated. The main purpose of this study aimed to reduce the various emissions produced by the new blended fuels.  The conventional transesterification reaction was carried out to produce biodiesel from Jatropha seeds. A one-cylinder, four-stroke CI engine was powered by green blended fuels at various engine speeds. Response surface methodology (RSM) was exploited to analyze the performance and exhaust emission parameters of a diesel engine in terms of fuel blends and engine speed. According to the results obtained, an engine speed of ۲۶۵۷ rpm, a biodiesel concentration of ۱۰.۲۶%, and an ethanol ratio of ۲.۲۱% were found to be the optimal values. The obtained experimental results showed that adding ethanol-biodiesel to pure diesel fuel increased the diesel engine's performance, including power and torque output. The results also showed that the CO۲ emission increased ۹.۶ % while CO, NOX, and HC emissions in the biodiesel-ethanol-diesel fuel decreased ۱.۳۳%, ۵%, and ۲۶.۱ %, respectively, compared to pure diesel fuel. The specific fuel consumption of the new blended fuel decreased by ۶.۹ % compared to pure diesel fuel.

Biodiesel-ethanol-diesel, Emission, Performance, Jatropha, Response surface method