Mojtaba Mohammadi - PhD of Mycology, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Fundamental and Medical Sciences, Zanjan Azad University, Zanjan, Iran
Seyed Jamal Hashemi - PhD of Mycology, Department of Medical Mycology, Faculty of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Shiva Golkaram - Microbiology expertism, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Fundamental and Medical Sciences, Zanjan Azad University, Zanjan, Iran

Background and Aim : Investigating about the extract of Rosemary in various groups of fungi and this extract’s minimum ۱effective deterrence density on types of fungi and also the survey of this extract in expressing the AFL.۱ gene in Aspergillus flavus is the main target of this research. Rosemary is a very important medicinal herb. Although its antimicrobial effect is fully considered, but its effect on toxin-causing and pathogenic funguses is not studied very much. Therefore, considering the limitation of antifungal drugs, chemical effects, and drug resistance of them, it seems the access of reaching an effective herbal medicine really matters. Since the Aflatoxin is concerned in various food, livestock, pharmaceutical, and medical industries, this research illustrates the mchanism of growth containment by this fungus.Methods : First of all we cultivate Aspergillus flavus and Candida albicans in sabouraud dextrose agar and Trichophyton verrucosum and Epidermophyton floccosum on Mycocell agar perimeter and then we put Rosemary impregnated paper disks on the surface of perimeter to determine the anti-fungal effect with disk difussion method and creation of inhibition zone then with the help of ۱۰ standard sterile tubes we dilute Rosemary extract in the perimeter of sabouraud dextrose broth to gain this extract’s effective concentration and finally Rosemary’s effect on expressing the AFL.۱ gene was examined.Results : Achieved results indicate that the extract of Rosemary on various types of fungi has an inhibitory effect. The average diagonal of bright anti growth haloes are about ۱۶-۱۸ mm. Therefore the minimum density of deterrence rosemary extract or MCI for Candida albicans is approximately ۴ to ۶ mg per liter, for Asperjillus flavus is ۳ to ۵ mg per liter and dermatophyte fungu Epidermophyton floccosum and Trichophyton verrucosum s is ۴ to ۶ mg per literl and the results of RT.PCR confirm this inhibitory effect on expressing the AFL.۱ gene which produces Aflatoxin in molecular level.Conclusion : The extract of Rosemary can have a considerable inhibitory effect on expressing the AFL.R gene and production of Aspergillus flavus.

Aspergillus flavus, Rosemary, AFL.۱, Real Time-PCR