CIA arthritis amelioration of Eugenol encapsulated with Chitosan nanoparticles in neonatal rats

Due to the side effects of chemical drugs in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, the approach of using traditional medicine and nanotechnology is increasing. This study aimed to evaluate the therapeutic effects of eugenol encapsulated with chitosan nanoparticles in comparison with methotrexate and its function on the expression of genes involved in the disease.The ۴۰ neonatal Wistar rats revealed rheumatoid arthritis in both sexes by CIA (Collagen Induced Arthritis) and CFA (Complete Freund Adjuvant) induction and divided into sham, control, the first treatment group receiving Methotrexate, and the second treatment group receiving Eugenol encapsulated with Chitosan Nanoparticles. Expression of the MMP-۹ protein and the expression of the TNF-α and IL-۱۰ genes evaluated by Western blotting and real-time PCR, respectively. The results showed a significant decrease in the expression level of the TNF-α gene and a significant increase in the expression level of the IL-۱۰ gene. The expression level of MMP-۹ protein was also decreased in the treatment groups but was not statistically significant. In CIA rats, inflammation, synovial hyperplasia, and pannus growth were severe. Due to immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant potentials, Eugenol Encapsulated by Chitosan Nanoparticles and Methotrexate has a protective impact against RA. It is possible to suggest that Nano Eugenol can be promising lines for RA treatment as autoimmune disorders.

Keywords:

Neonatal rats , TNF-α , IL-۱۰ , Methotrexate , MMP-۹