Predictor factors of preventive behaviors and Covid ۱۹ vaccine acceptance based on Extended Parallel Process Model (EPPM) in residents of Bushehr province in ۲۰۲۱

Background and Aim: Preventive behaviors of Covid ۱۹ are essential, and various factors affect these behaviors. The aim of this study was to determine the predictors of preventive behaviors and vaccine acceptance based on Extended Parallel Process Model (EPPM).Methods: In this cross-sectional study, the study population was people over ۱۸ years old living in Bushehr province in cities of Bushehr, Genaveh, Tangestan in ۲۰۲۱ who were selected by convenience method. Data collection was online by using questionnaire included three sections comprised of demographic factors, questionnaire related to model constructs, and self-administered questionnaire related to preventive behaviors (hand washing, and wearing mask) and acceptance of Covid vaccination ۱۹. Data were analyzed in SPSS software version ۲۲.Results: Out of ۱۴۵۵ participants, ۸۷۷ (۶۰.۳%) had preventive behaviors, and ۱۰۶۷ (۷۳.۳%) had been vaccinated. The results of the study showed that women were more likely than men to perform preventive behaviors (P=۰.۰۵). based on vaccine acceptance, the men (P = ۰.۰۰۶), people with postgraduate education and higher (P = ۰.۰۰۱), government employees (P = ۰.۰۰۱), single people (P = ۰.۰۱), people with a specific history of disease in self (P = ۰.۰۵), or Family (P = ۰.۰۳) were more likely to accept vaccine. Sensitivity, severity and perceived self-efficacy constructs were predictors of preventive behaviors and severity, response efficacy and perceived self-efficacy were predictors of vaccine acceptance. Among the participants in the study, ۹۱۴ (۶۲.۸%) were in the fear control process of preventive behavior and ۱۳۶۶ (۹۳.۹%) were in the fear control process of vaccine acceptance, in which the highest defense response score of both behaviors, has been about avoidance. Conclusion: In order to promote preventive behaviors, perceived threat of disease and self-efficacy should be improved, and in order to increase vaccine acceptance, the effectiveness and efficacy of the vaccine and the severity of the disease should be emphasized.

Keywords:

Covid-۱۹ , Preventive behaviors , Vaccine acceptance , EPPM pattern