Money Laundering in Iranian Domestic law and International Law

Money laundering is a criminal act with devastating effects on the domestic economy of states and their international image. Money laundering is a secondary crime committed as a result of a primary criminal act, intended to conceal or purge and neutralize a financial transaction, and also means knowingly concealing the illicit source of property resulting from the commission of such crimes in such a way that the property seems legal and legitimate. The criminalizing of such an act was raised following the spread of organized crime in the world, and the goal was to reduce the motivation of criminals to commit crimes by cutting off the hands of criminals from their criminal proceeds, and thus to fight money laundering. In addition, features including the high rate of money laundering in the world, the organized, transnational, and without being specifically criminalized nature, economic, social, and political adverse effects as well as close connection with other crimes necessitate criminalization of money laundering in the world and also in Iran. Thus, an act on combating money laundering has been passed in Iran, which has not yet passed the final stages of legislation. There are numerous international and regional instruments on money laundering, including Vienna Convention ۱۹۸۸, Council of Europe Convention ۱۹۹۰, European Directive ۱۹۹۱, FATF Forty Recommendations ۱۹۹۰ and its amendments in ۱۹۹۶۰ and ۲۰۰۰, Palermo Convention in ۲۰۰۰, and the Anti-Corruption Convention ۲۰۰۳. The solutions provided by these documents are necessarily judicial or legislative. The purpose of these strategies is to narrow the field for money launderers as much as possible and increase the cost of money laundering operations for them so that committing a crime is useless for them and as a result prevents them from committing a crime.

Keywords:

Money Laundering , Corruption , Organized Crime , Money Launderers , Conflict