Game Theory based Energy Management of a Smart Distribution System Involving Multi-Microgrids and Demand Response Program

Despite their advantages, microgrids (MGs) increase system uncertainties and complicate network planning and management due to the high penetration of renewable energy sources in them. In this study, a distribution network (DN) is considered in a situation that includes MGs with distinctive features and face uncertainties of wind speed and solar irradiations. Demand response programs (DRPs) are included in this paper. DRPs are considered as one of the most important and interesting categories in smart DNs studies where in this assumed the power exchange of MGs and DN is based on three-level power price. The capacity of resources located in MGs is such that they can meet the demand of their consumers independently, so the exchange of MGs power with the DN is only to reduce costs or possibly increase profits. Given that the cooperation/non-cooperation of each MG in energy management planning affects the cost/profit of other MGs, so a cooperation-based game theory has been implemented to achieve Nash equilibrium. The results show that although MGs are equipped with a DRP and have the ability to change their consumption patterns and also each MG experiences the uncertainties of renewable energy sources (RESs), by working together in the form of a cooperation game, it is still possible to improve economic productivity and reduce costs

Keywords:

Energy Management , Smart Microgrids , Game Theory , Demand Response Program , Renewable Energy Sources