MohammadSaleh Safari - DVM Student, Veterinary Faculty of Science and Research Branch of Islamic Azad University, Tehran,Iran.
Farinaz Baghaei Naeeni - DVM Student, Veterinary Faculty of Science and Research Branch of Islamic Azad University, Tehran,Iran

Background and Aim : Extensive use of antibiotics has been used for many years to inhibit and eliminate microbial agents and enhance the growth of livestock and poultry. In the long term could cause antibiotic resistance. Probiotics can be considered as an ideal alternative to antibiotics that have attracted attention during pathogenic infections in humans and animals, with an emphasis on regulating the immune system.Methods : This study is a review that by searching the electronic sources of PubMed, Science Direct, and Embase, by using the keywords probiotics, infectious diseases, antibiotics, antibiotic resistance from ۲۰۱۵ to ۲۰۲۱ and ۶۳ articles related were found and then analyzed.Results : The results indicate that if probiotics are taken in sufficient quantities, they have good health effects on the host body and also play an important role in regulating the immune system response in the host body during infectious diseases.Conclusion : Probiotics are live microorganisms that are non-pathogenic beneficial by modifying the gut microbiota and immune system modulators have a positive impact.

Probiotics, Infectious diseases, Antibiotics, Antibiotic resistance.