Mojtaba Karimpour - Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
Morteza Hassanzadeh - Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
Masoumeh Zirak Javanmard - Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
Gholam Hossein Farjah - Neurophysiology Research Center, Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran

Objective(s): Skin flap necrosis is the most common postoperative side effect in reconstructive surgeries. Glutamine (GLN) has been shown to accelerate wound healing process. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of GLN either in free form or in the dipeptide form along with L- alanyl (Ala-GLN) on random skin flaps survival in rats.Materials and Methods: Dorsal skin flaps with caudal bases (۸ ×۲ cm) were established in ۲۴ adult male Wistar rats. Then, the animals were randomly assigned into ۳ groups (n=۸). Control, GLN (۰.۷۵ g/kg) and Ala-GLN (۰.۷۵ g/kg). All groups administrated orally ۲۴ and ۶ hr before flap elevation and continued repeatedly daily until ۷ days postoperation. The flap survival rate and vascular density using histological analysis were evaluated. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) by immunohistochemical method was determined.Results: Seven days after surgery, the mean surviving area in the GLN and Ala-GLN groups were significantly greater than in the untreated control group (P<۰.۰۰۱). Furthermore, in comparison with the control group, the number of blood vessels and VEGF-positive cells in treated groups with GLN and Ala-GLN were significantly higher. However, no significant differences were observed between treated groups with GLN and Ala-GLN.Conclusion: The findings from this study indicate that oral administration of GLN in free form or in the dipeptide (Ala-GLN) could promote neovascularization and improve skin flap survival in rats.

Alanyl-glutamine, Flap, Glutamine, Rats, Survival, VEGF