Mina Mokhtari hashtjini - Electrophysiology Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Gila Pirzad Jahromi - Neuroscience Research Centre, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Seyed Shahabeddin sadr - Electrophysiology Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Gholam Hossein Meftahi - Neuroscience Research Centre, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Boshra Hatef - Neuroscience Research Centre, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Danial Javidnazar - Electrophysiology Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

Objective(s): Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), one of the most devastating kinds of anxiety disorders, is the consequence of a traumatic event followed by intense fear. In rats with contextual fear conditioning (CFC), a model of PTSD caused by CFC (electrical foot shock chamber), deep brain stimulation (DBS) alleviates CFC abnormalities.Materials and Methods: Forty Male Wistar rats (۲۲۰–۲۵۰ g) were divided into ۵ groups (n=۸) and underwent stereotactic surgery to implant electrodes in the right basolateral nucleus of the amygdala (BLn). After ۷ days, some animals received a foot shock, followed by another ۷-day treatment schedule (DBS treatment). Next, freezing behavior was measured as a predicted response in the absence of the foot shock (re-exposure time). Blood serum corticosterone levels and amygdala c-Fos protein expression were assessed using Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and Western blot, respectively. Furthermore, freezing behaviors by re-exposure time test and general anxiety by elevated plus-maze (EPM) were evaluated. Results: PTSD decreased serum corticosterone levels and increased both amygdala c-Fos expression and freezing behaviors. Therefore, DBS treatment significantly (P<۰.۰۰۱) enhanced serum corticosterone levels and could significantly (P<۰.۰۰۱) reduce both c-Fos protein expression and freezing behaviors’ duration. However, DBS treatment has no effect on the general anxiety in PTSD rats.Conclusion: We argue that these outcomes might demonstrate the mechanism of DBS treatment, a complete therapeutic strategy, in PTSD patients.

Amygdala, Anxiety behavior, Corticosterone, c-Fos, Deep brain stimulation, Freezing behavior, Post-traumatic stress disorder